Specific-gravity scale.



Patented lan. 2|, [902..

tNo. 69a,437.

n.' .L BoGu'E. SPECIFIC GRAVITY SCALE.

(Application led Feb. 27. 1901.)

um man.)

v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT JACKSON BOGUE, -OF HONEYGROVE, TEXAS.

SPECIFIC-GRAVITY SCALE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 691,437, 'dated January 21, 1902.

Application filed February 27V, 1901. Serial No. 49,108. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

BeitknownthatLRoEnRr JAcKsoNBoGUE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Honeygrove, in the county of Fanning, State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Specific-Gravity Scales; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. Y

This invention relates to weighing-scales in general, and more particularly to that class designed for determining the specific gravity of any body, be it solid, liquid, or a gas, the objectof the invention being to provide a construction wherein the difference in weight t between the substance of which the specific gravity is to be determined and that of an equal volume of water may be found, so that the speciic gravity or" the substance may be determined.

In the drawings forming a portion of this specification, and in which like numerals of reference indicate similar parts of both views, Figure l is an elevation showing the complete scale, as when indicating the specic gravity of aliquid. Fig. 2 is a side elevation showing the two receptacles, one having a solid and a liquid therein to iill it and the other containing a quantity ot' liquid equaling the bulkof the solid.

Referringnowto the drawings, 5 represents a standard upon which is pivotally mounted a scale-beam, including an upper bar 6 and a lower bar 7, these two bars being connected at their ends to lie parallel. AThe beam is pivoted preferably midway of its ends, and the upper bar is provided with a scale 9, which runs from zero to anydesired number of points, the zero-point being at the pivot of the beam or in vertical alinement therewith. A weightlOis provided for this scale and has the usual sliding connection with the upper bar, so that it may be readily shifted from one point to another of the scale, this sliding connection having a knife-edge which directly engages the beam to suspend the weight. Attached to the lower bar of the scale-beam and at the opposite side of the pivot of the beam and in such manner as to prevent displacement vthereof longitudinally dinally of the arm, thus balancing the weight of the receptacle, as will be understood.

The principle on which this apparatus is operated is that the specific gravity may be determined by weighing the difference between the body to be determined and an equal bulk of water.

The receptacle 1l is graduated into tenths, and these graduations are numbered from l to 10. The Iscale 9 is also graduated from l to lO.` It will be understood that the receptacle 1l is so positioned and the scale 9 is so graduated that when the receptacle is full of Water it will be balanced by the weight l0 when the latter is at the outer end of the scale, or at thev point marked 10. When the receptacle is empty, the weight l0 must be moved to zero, when the Weight of the receptacle alone will be balanced by the counterbalancing-weight above referred to. If the receptacle be filled up to the point marked 5, then the weight lO will balance it when moved to the point marked 5 on the scale. Supposing, then, that We place the-Weight lO on the point 5 and we lill the receptacle 11 up to the graduation .5, if the liquid have the same specific gravity as water the scale-beam will balance, if it have less specific gravity than the water the receptacle will rise, and if it have greater speciiic gravity the receptacle will fall. Supposing, then, that the liquid being weighed has greater specific gravity than water and the receptacle drops, that `weight added to the weight lO'thatwill balance the beam will indicate the dierence between the weight of the liquid tested and the weight of an equal bulk of water. For

thus balancing the beam the lower bar 7 is provided with two scales, a plus scale leading from the vertical plane of the pivot in the direction of the weight 10 and the other extending in the opposite direction, the former be- IOO ing a plus scale and the latter a minus scale. To bring the beam back to a balance, the weight 16 is moved upwardly of the plus scale and weighs the dierence between the liquid in question and an equal bulk of water, thus permitting the specic gravity to be easily and accurately determined. The scale and the Weight 16 being properly valued to give this result, the weight 16 is suspended by means of a hanger having a knife-edge that directly engages the beam.

When the specific gravity of a solid is to be secured, we must weigh the difterence between the solid body and an'cqual bulk of water. For this purpose the two receptacles shown in Fig. 2 are used, one being the same as that used in the operation above described. These two receptacles are of equal capacities and are similarly graduated. The solid body is placed in one receptacle, and the other vessel is lled with water. Water is then poured from the second vessel or receptacle until the first one is lled, the water remaining in the second vessel being equal in bulk to the body to be determined. The weight 10 is then placed on its beam to correspond to the graduation at which the water stands in the second vessel to show the weight of an equal bulk of water. The water is then poured out of the rst vessel, and this first vessel is hung onthe scale-beam with the solid body in it. Weight 16 is then shifted to balance and indicates the difference between the weight of the body tested and an equal bulk of Water. Of course if the speciiic gravity of the solid or liquid is less than l then the weight 16 falls, and to bring it up the weight 16 must be shifted out over the minus scale to bring the beam to a balance and will then show a specific gravity of less than 1.

For weighing gases a vessel of known capacity is used, and the weight 10 is set to balance an equal bulk of water. The receptacle is hung on the scale-beam, and the weight 16 is shifted on the negative scale to balance, thus indicating the specific gravity.

The beam has a pointer 18, which registers with a mark 19 on the stand ard when the beam is balanced.

What is claimed is- A specific-gravity weighin g apparatus comprising a pivoted beam, a receptacle for attachment to the beam and having graduations marked thereon, a scale on the beam corresponding to the graduations of the receptacle, a weight for the scale adapted to balance a body of water in the receptacle when placed on the point of its scale corresponding to the graduation at which the water stands in the receptacle, a counterbalance for the deadweight of the receptacle, a second scale on the beam extending at both sides of the pivot of the beam, and a weight for the second scale adapted to balance the difference between the weight of a body contained in the receptacle and an equal bulk of water as indicated by the position of the first weight.

In testimony whereof hereunto sign my name, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT JACKSON BOGUE. lVitnesses:

W. T. CHRISTIAN, F. W. HILL. 

